CHARTS FOR EQUILIBRIUM FLOW PROPERTIES OF AIR IN HYPERVELOCITY NOZZLES

Charts for equilibrium flow properties of air in hypervelocity nozzle

Families of spectral sets for Bernoulli convolutions

In this paper, we study the harmonic analysis of Bernoulli measures. We show a variety of orthonormal Fourier bases for the L^2 Hilbert spaces corresponding to certain Bernoulli measures, making use of contractive transfer operators. For other cases, we exhibit maximal Fourier families that are not orthonormal bases.Comment: 25 pages, same result

Additive spectra of the 1/4 Cantor measure

In this paper, we add to the characterization of the Fourier spectra for Bernoulli convolution measures. These measures are supported on Cantor subsets of the line. We prove that performing an odd additive translation to half the canonical spectrum for the 1/4 Cantor measure always yields an alternate spectrum. We call this set an additive spectrum. The proof works by connecting the additive set to a spectrum formed by odd multiplicative scaling.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figur

Vulnerability : a view from different disciplines

Practitioners from different disciplines use different meanings and concepts of vulnerability, which, in turn, have led to diverse methods of measuring it. This paper presents a selective review of the literature from several disciplines to examine how they define and measure vulnerability. The disciplines include economics, sociology/anthropology, disaster management, environmental science, and health/nutrition. Differences between the disciplines can be explained by their tendency to focus on different components of risk, household responses to risk and welfare outcomes. In general, they focus either on the risks (at one extreme) or the underlying conditions (or outcomes) at the other. Trade-offs exist between simple measurement schemes and rich conceptual understanding.Environmental Economics&Policies,Health Economics&Finance,Insurance&Risk Mitigation,Economic Theory&Research,Rural Poverty Reduction

Redshift-distance Survey of Early-type Galaxies: The D_n-sigma Relation

In this paper R-band photometric and velocity dispersion measurements for a sample of 452 elliptical and S0 galaxies in 28 clusters are used to construct a template D_n-sigma relation. This template relation is constructed by combining the data from the 28 clusters, under the assumption that galaxies in different clusters have similar properties. The photometric and spectroscopic data used consist of new as well as published measurements, converted to a common system, as presented in a accompanying paper. The resulting direct relation, corrected for incompleteness bias, is log{D_n} =1.203 log{sigma} + 1.406; the zero-point has been defined by requiring distant clusters to be at rest relative to the CMB. This zero-point is consistent with the value obtained by using the distance to Virgo as determined by the Cepheid period-luminosity relation. This new D_n-sigma relation leads to a peculiar velocity of -72 (\pm 189) km/s for the Coma cluster. The scatter in the distance relation corresponds to a distance error of about 20%, comparable to the values obtained for the Fundamental Plane relation. Correlations between the scatter and residuals of the D_n-sigma relation with other parameters that characterize the cluster and/or the galaxy stellar population are also analyzed. The direct and inverse relations presented here have been used in recent studies of the peculiar velocity field mapped by the ENEAR all-sky sample.Comment: 46 pages, 20 figures, and 7 tables. To appear in AJ, vol. 123, no. 5, May 200

Cerebral Oximetry During Shoulder Surgery in the Beach Chair Position

Title: Cerebral Oximetry During Shoulder Surgery in the Beach Chair Position Background: A non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) measurement of mean arterial pressure (MAP) has historically been the main parameter for ensuring adequate cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) vvhen patients are placed in the beach chair position (BCP). Rare but catastrophic neurological injuries have been re ported following the BCP for shoulder surgery, possibly wa!1\u27anting the use of real-time, site -spec ific monitoring of oxygenation and perfusion at the level of the brain w ith cerebral oximetry Purpose: The purpose of this report is to determine if the addition of cerebral oximetry monitoring, compared with standard monitoring methods alone, reduces the incidence of neurological complications for patients in the beach chair position perioperatively for shoulder surgery. Process: A comprehensive review of the literature was completed utilizing the Pub Med database from the Harley E. French Library of the Health Sciences website . The findings were extensively evaluated to determine relevance to the research question . Results: Standard monitoring methods do not always depict a problem when cerebral oximetry shows a significant decrease, indicating that additional monitoring with cerebral oximetry may be useful for maintaining adequate perfusion to the brain during beach chair positioning. The level of cerebral desaturation that results in neurological deficits is not well understood. There are a number of factors that can increase the risk for intraoperative cerebral desaturation. When cerebral oximetry is utilized, it can be beneficial to have protocols in place to prevent and/or treat cerebral desaturation events, facilitating prompt correction of possible cerebral malperfusion. lmplications: Cerebral oximetry is a non-invasive, site-specific, and continuous measurement to depict cerebral perfusion that can increase patient safety. Keywords: cerebral oximetry, near-infrared spectroscopy, shoulder surgery, and beach chair positio

A SuperMassive Black Hole Fundamental Plane for Ellipticals

We obtain the coefficients of a new fundamental plane for supermassive black holes at the centers of elliptical galaxies, involving measured central black hole mass and photometric parameters which define the light distribution. The galaxies are tightly distributed around this mass fundamental plane, with improvement in the rms residual over those obtained from the \mbh-\sigma and \mbh-L relations. This implies a strong multidimensional link between the central massive black hole formation and global photometric properties of elliptical galaxies and provides an improved estimate of black hole mass from galaxy data.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letter

The Social Construction of Professional Knowledge: Social Work Ideology, 1956-1973

This paper reports on patterns and trends of ideological advocacy in social work. Findings from a content analysis of Social Work indicate that conceptions of this service profession have changed over a recent eighteen year period. Changes in professional meanings are analyzed in terms of authors\u27 educational status, employment setting, and the problematic topics they discussed. This analysis supports a process model of reality construction in professional arenas and provides implications for the self-conscious management of professional imagery